Science01
Physical time is treated as linear for ordinary history, with cyclic processes (orbits, seasons, some cosmological models) inside it. Extinctions are events, not a ritual wheel.
Asked of every system
Twenty-two questions
The same questions, asked in the same order. Read down a question to see where they rhyme and where they do not. No establishment is rewritten to fit the others.
- 01Where are we?
- 02What is reality made of?
- 03What is a human being?
- 04What is consciousness?
- 05Where did humanity come from?
- 06What happens at death?
- 07Does consciousness return to embodiment?
- 08Where is consciousness between lives?
- 09Are there nonhuman intelligent beings?
- 10Can those beings become human or appear human?
- 11Are there multiple realms or worlds?
- 12Is there a central mountain, tree, pillar, axis, heart, or sacred center?
- 13Is the world itself alive?
- 14Has civilization or the world been destroyed or reset before?
- 15Does history operate linearly or cyclically?
- 16Is there an opposing positive/negative force?
- 17What is humanity supposed to become?
- 18Is reincarnation a destination, punishment, school, growth process, or something else?
- 19What lies beyond the visible world?
- 20How does this tradition claim humans can know any of this?
- 21Does the structure or motion of the heavens correspond to events, conditions, or consciousness within the human realm?
- 22Why did humanity forget?
15 / 22
Does history operate linearly or cyclically?
- Judaism02
A created history with flood, judgment, and restoration. Linear covenant history is the main frame; cycles are not the governing image here.
Judgment of a corrupt world — a crisis inside created order, not an endless wheel.
Linear sacred history toward apocalypse, judgment, and renewed creation. Recurrence is not the governing claim.
- Islam05
Linear toward final judgment and transformation.
Cyclical. Repeated cosmic cycles.
Cyclic existence; cosmological cycles in many traditions.
Transformation and cycles.
Cyclical death and renewal, including the solar journey.
Flood and catastrophe traditions inside a world of established order. Not a full Hindu-style cosmic wheel in this record.
A world-ending (Ragnarök) followed by a renewed world — a once-through catastrophe with a sequel, not endless identical cycles.
Flood and re-creation traditions exist. Time is not recorded here as a simple mechanical line or wheel.
Previous creations and transformations. Cyclic ideas vary; successive worlds are part of the record.
Toward final restoration. A moral-cosmic history with an end, not an endless wheel.
Judgment and renewal inside a vast inhabited creation — linear sacred history, not reincarnation cycles.
Repeated embodiment of the thetan, without being centered on one world apocalypse. Personal recurrence is not the same as cosmic cycles.
Recurring celestial cycles, great ages, conjunctions, and world-age concepts. Linearity or cyclicity of history depends on the host system using the sky.
A flood, then kingship again. The King List treats that as a break and a second beginning, not as a last judgment and not as an endless wheel.
Mythic succession can look like a line of ages. Stoic and other philosophers later teach cycles. Civic religion is neither a kalpa system nor a last judgment.
- Jainism20
Cyclic eras in a universe that does not begin or end.
- Sikhism21
A created history and a round of individual births. Not the Jain era-wheel and not a Hindu kalpa copied wholesale.
- Shinto22
Ritual recurrence (year, shrine festival) without a doctrine of cosmic cycles or of a final end.
Dynastic cycles and correlative cycles are common images. They are not the Buddhist kalpa, even where Buddhism is also practiced.
A fall into the cosmos and a hoped-for return. Not an endless wheel as the good news, and not one chronology.
The cosmos has cycles. The Asclepius adds a crisis and restoration in Egypt. Neither is a last judgment of all souls in the Christian sense.
Not recorded here as a simple line toward judgment or as a kalpa wheel.
The Dreaming is not past in a simple line and not a wheel of kalpas. Peoples explain its relation to ordinary time in their own ways.
Ages and world-turnings, alongside ongoing reciprocity. Not a single linear apocalypse.
A line of successive Manifestations, each age with its own measure. Not an endless wheel of identical cycles.
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Emergence is a sequence of worlds. A wheel of personal rebirth is Unclassified / Source Needed.
Worlds in sequence. Not filed as a wheel of personal reincarnation.
Legendary history in Ireland is a sequence of settlements. A cosmic wheel is not recorded.
Unclassified / Source Needed.
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Working synthesis · not a verdict
Periodic reset / apocalypse / canopy opening — recurrence of destruction and opening, not a purely linear once-through history.